Antonio gramsci death
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Antonio Gramsci
Italian Marxist philosopher, writer, and politician (1891–1937)
Antonio Francesco Gramsci (GRAM-shee,[2]GRAHM-shee;[3]Italian:[anˈtɔːnjofranˈtʃeskoˈɡramʃi]ⓘ; 22 January 1891 – 27 April 1937) was an Italian Marxist philosopher, linguist, journalist, writer, and politician. He wrote on philosophy, political theory, sociology, history, and linguistics. He was a founding member and one-time leader of the Italian Communist Party. A vocal critic of Benito Mussolini and fascism, he was imprisoned in 1926, where he remained until shortly before his death in 1937.
During his imprisonment, Gramsci wrote more than 30 notebooks and 3,000 pages of history and analysis. His Prison Notebooks are considered a highly original contribution to 20th-century political theory. Gramsci drew insights from varying sources — not only other Marxists but also thinkers such as Niccolò Machiavelli, Vilfredo Pareto, Georges Sorel, and Benedetto Croce. The notebooks cover a wide range of topics, including the history of Italy and Italian nationalism, th
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Antonio Gramsci
1. Life and Political Activity
1.1 Sardinia (1891–1911)
Antonio Francesco Gramsci was born on 22 January 1891 in Ales, Sardinia to a middle-class family of Albanian descent. Located in Italy’s southern Mezzogiorno, the island of Sardinia shared the region’s arid landscape, widespread poverty, and fragile social hierarchies. Gramsci was the fifth of seven children born to Giuseppina (née Marcia) and Francesco Gramsci and spent his early childhood near Cagliari, where his family had moved in 1897. In infancy he developed Pott’s Disease, a spinal form of tuberculosis that was not properly treated and, as a result, he grew up with a “hunched” back. He suffered frequent health problems throughout the rest of his life (Davidson 1977: 22–23).
His father, a local civil servant, was suspended from his job in 1898 on politically motivated charges of corruption (he had supported an opposition candidate in local elections) and subsequently sentenced to five years in prison (Davidson 1977: 23–25). This brought years
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To Live Is to Resist
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Foreword
Nadia Urbinati
Part I From Sardinian Gramsci to National Gramsci (1891–1915)
1 In Sardinia (1891–1911)
2 A Poor Student in Turin (1911–1915)
Part II From National Gramsci to Internationalist Gramsci (1915–1922)
3 A Socialist Journalist, Marginal and Original (1915–1919)
4 From the Experience of L’Ordine Nuovo to His Departure for Moscow (1919–1922)
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