Who discovered insulin in 1910

Who discovered insulin first
Romanian inventions
Who discovered penicillin

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Resum:Since the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded in 1923 to FG Banting and JJR Macleod, many voices have been raised against this decision. The bitterest protest was that of the Romanian scientist Nicolae C. Paulescu. In 2002, The Romanian Academy of Sciences, the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) planned to hold a series of academic events the following year in Paris to acknowledge Paulescu's scientific merits in the discovery of the antidiabetic hormone. However, the initiative was cancelled in August 2003, when the European Center of the Simon Wiesenthal Foundation (SWC) accused Paulescu of being antisemitic. The authors of this manuscript have decided to approach "the Paulescu case" from its double aspect, scientific and sociopolitical, to analyze the circumstances surrounding the discovery of the antidiabetic hormone, and Paulescu's alleged antisemitic past in the historical context of the Romanian nation in the interwar period. We contacted the SWC and people related to the 2003 events in

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Abstract

Nicolae Paulescu (1869-1930) was born in Bucharest in an aristocratic family. His education from childhood to maturity (Paris University of Medicine) was marked by illustrious professors, even pioneers of their field. After completing his medical and scientific education in Paris under his mentor, Etienne Lancereaux, considered the founder of modern physiology, he returned to Romania where he founded the first Department of Physiology at “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy.

His scientific career is marked by the publishing of 88 original research articles in renown international medical journals of the time and two Treatise on Physiology (comprising in total 8 volumes and 5976 pages).

His activity as an endocrinologist reaches the peak with the discovery of insulin with the article Recherche sur le rôle du pancréas dans l’assimilation nutritive published in the Archives Internationales de Physiologie (Liege, Belgium) on August 31^st, 1921.

While he was not internationally or even nationally acclaimed for the discovery of insulin, his contribution to

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Nicolae Paulescu

Romanian academic

Nicolae Constantin Paulescu (Romanian pronunciation:[nikoˈla.epa.uˈlesku]; 30 October 1869 (O.S.) – 17 July 1931) was a Romanianphysiologist, professor of medicine, and politician, most famous for his work on diabetes, including patenting pancreine (a pancreatic extract containing insulin). The "pancreine" was an extract of bovine pancreas in salted water, after which some impurites were removed with hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. Paulescu was also, with A. C. Cuza, co-founder of the National Christian Union and later, of the National-Christian Defense League, an early ultranationalist and anti-Semitic Romanian party. He was also a leading member of the militant religious fascist Iron Guard.

Early life and education

Born in Bucharest, he was the first of four children of Costache and Maria Paulescu. He displayed remarkable abilities as early as his first school years. He learned French, Latin and Ancient Greek at an early age, so that a few years later he became fluent in all these languages and was able to rea